Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), it is one of the most complicated condition during women’s pregnancy. Do not be panic; it is a temporary form of diabetes that is first diagnoses in a pregnant woman. It occurs in about 3 to 8 percentage of pregnant women and it will improve or disappear after birth.
Risk Factors
Any women may develop gestational diabetes, but some women are at high risks. Risk factors for GDM include:
- If you are over 35
- If you have high blood pressure
- You are obese
- You’ve had a gestational diabetes in previous pregnancy
- You’ve previously give birth to a big baby
Causes, Diagnosis and Test
Gestational diabetes is caused when the body of a pregnant woman is not able to make enough insulin. It is the result of hormonal changes, increased sugar level and weight gain. All the pregnant women should have a glucose-screening test between 24 and 28 weeks. Women who have risk factors of GDM may have the test earlier in the pregnancy.
Most women are recommended to have a glucose screening test (also called a glucose challenge test or GCT). Another more definitive exam called glucose tolerance test (GTT) is available to find out if you may have a problem.
Symptoms
Pregnant women who suffer from GDM will have the similar symptoms of type 1 and 2 diabetes, including:
- Frequent urination
- Increase d hunger
- Nauseas
- Skin or vaginal infections
- Vision problems
- Weight gain or fatigue
Prevention and Treatment
Gestational diabetes cannot be prevented in some women especially who are likely to develop. But you are able to lower your risk and change of getting gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Treatment for gestational diabetes during pregnancy includes:
- Check blood sugar levels
- Eating healthy food
- Monitor fetal growth
- Regular or moderate exercise
- Take insulin therapy if necessary
Insulin is the primary medication used to treat gestational diabetes. Insulin injection is only used in rare cases of insulin resistance. Most women who have gestational diabetes usually give birth to healthy babies.



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